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ruby-libemu

Últimamente venía teniendo ganas de entrar un poco en los internals de Ruby. He pensado que una forma entretenida sería con la programación de extensiones (bindings).

También quería mirarme con calma la libemu:

libemu is a small library written in C offering basic x86 emulation and shellcode detection using GetPC heuristics. It is designed to be used within network intrusion/prevention detections and honeypots.

Y todo lo anterior nos lleva a «ruby-libemu», bindings de Ruby para «libemu».

Aprovechando que la «libemu» viene acompañada de un binding de python, esta primera versión ofrece la misma funcionalidad, para ruby. Así, ya podemos buscar shellcodes en un buffer de datos:

  1. En C:
    2. #include "emu/emu.h"
#include "emu/emu_shellcode.h"

/*
 * win32_bind -  EXITFUNC=seh LPORT=4444 Size=317 Encoder=None http://metasploit.com
 */
unsigned char shellcode[] =
"\xfc\x6a\xeb\x4d\xe8\xf9\xff\xff\xff\x60\x8b\x6c\x24\x24\x8b\x45"
"\x3c\x8b\x7c\x05\x78\x01\xef\x8b\x4f\x18\x8b\x5f\x20\x01\xeb\x49"
"\x8b\x34\x8b\x01\xee\x31\xc0\x99\xac\x84\xc0\x74\x07\xc1\xca\x0d"
"\x01\xc2\xeb\xf4\x3b\x54\x24\x28\x75\xe5\x8b\x5f\x24\x01\xeb\x66"
"\x8b\x0c\x4b\x8b\x5f\x1c\x01\xeb\x03\x2c\x8b\x89\x6c\x24\x1c\x61"
"\xc3\x31\xdb\x64\x8b\x43\x30\x8b\x40\x0c\x8b\x70\x1c\xad\x8b\x40"
"\x08\x5e\x68\x8e\x4e\x0e\xec\x50\xff\xd6\x66\x53\x66\x68\x33\x32"
"\x68\x77\x73\x32\x5f\x54\xff\xd0\x68\xcb\xed\xfc\x3b\x50\xff\xd6"
"\x5f\x89\xe5\x66\x81\xed\x08\x02\x55\x6a\x02\xff\xd0\x68\xd9\x09"
"\xf5\xad\x57\xff\xd6\x53\x53\x53\x53\x53\x43\x53\x43\x53\xff\xd0"
"\x66\x68\x11\x5c\x66\x53\x89\xe1\x95\x68\xa4\x1a\x70\xc7\x57\xff"
"\xd6\x6a\x10\x51\x55\xff\xd0\x68\xa4\xad\x2e\xe9\x57\xff\xd6\x53"
"\x55\xff\xd0\x68\xe5\x49\x86\x49\x57\xff\xd6\x50\x54\x54\x55\xff"
"\xd0\x93\x68\xe7\x79\xc6\x79\x57\xff\xd6\x55\xff\xd0\x66\x6a\x64"
"\x66\x68\x63\x6d\x89\xe5\x6a\x50\x59\x29\xcc\x89\xe7\x6a\x44\x89"
"\xe2\x31\xc0\xf3\xaa\xfe\x42\x2d\xfe\x42\x2c\x93\x8d\x7a\x38\xab"
"\xab\xab\x68\x72\xfe\xb3\x16\xff\x75\x44\xff\xd6\x5b\x57\x52\x51"
"\x51\x51\x6a\x01\x51\x51\x55\x51\xff\xd0\x68\xad\xd9\x05\xce\x53"
"\xff\xd6\x6a\xff\xff\x37\xff\xd0\x8b\x57\xfc\x83\xc4\x64\xff\xd6"
"\x52\xff\xd0\x68\xf0\x8a\x04\x5f\x53\xff\xd6\xff\xd0";

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	struct emu *e = emu_new();
	int32_t result = emu_shellcode_test(e, shellcode, (uint16_t)strlen(shellcode));
	printf("\n[*] Result: %d\n", result);
	emu_free(e);
	return 0;
}

    El resultado:

    $ ./test
    [*] Result: 4

  2. En Python:
    3. import libemu
'''
win32_bind -  EXITFUNC=seh LPORT=4444 Size=317 Encoder=None http://metasploit.com
'''
shellcode = ("\xfc\x6a\xeb\x4d\xe8\xf9\xff\xff\xff\x60\x8b\x6c\x24\x24\x8b\x45"
"\x3c\x8b\x7c\x05\x78\x01\xef\x8b\x4f\x18\x8b\x5f\x20\x01\xeb\x49"
"\x8b\x34\x8b\x01\xee\x31\xc0\x99\xac\x84\xc0\x74\x07\xc1\xca\x0d"
"\x01\xc2\xeb\xf4\x3b\x54\x24\x28\x75\xe5\x8b\x5f\x24\x01\xeb\x66"
"\x8b\x0c\x4b\x8b\x5f\x1c\x01\xeb\x03\x2c\x8b\x89\x6c\x24\x1c\x61"
"\xc3\x31\xdb\x64\x8b\x43\x30\x8b\x40\x0c\x8b\x70\x1c\xad\x8b\x40"
"\x08\x5e\x68\x8e\x4e\x0e\xec\x50\xff\xd6\x66\x53\x66\x68\x33\x32"
"\x68\x77\x73\x32\x5f\x54\xff\xd0\x68\xcb\xed\xfc\x3b\x50\xff\xd6"
"\x5f\x89\xe5\x66\x81\xed\x08\x02\x55\x6a\x02\xff\xd0\x68\xd9\x09"
"\xf5\xad\x57\xff\xd6\x53\x53\x53\x53\x53\x43\x53\x43\x53\xff\xd0"
"\x66\x68\x11\x5c\x66\x53\x89\xe1\x95\x68\xa4\x1a\x70\xc7\x57\xff"
"\xd6\x6a\x10\x51\x55\xff\xd0\x68\xa4\xad\x2e\xe9\x57\xff\xd6\x53"
"\x55\xff\xd0\x68\xe5\x49\x86\x49\x57\xff\xd6\x50\x54\x54\x55\xff"
"\xd0\x93\x68\xe7\x79\xc6\x79\x57\xff\xd6\x55\xff\xd0\x66\x6a\x64"
"\x66\x68\x63\x6d\x89\xe5\x6a\x50\x59\x29\xcc\x89\xe7\x6a\x44\x89"
"\xe2\x31\xc0\xf3\xaa\xfe\x42\x2d\xfe\x42\x2c\x93\x8d\x7a\x38\xab"
"\xab\xab\x68\x72\xfe\xb3\x16\xff\x75\x44\xff\xd6\x5b\x57\x52\x51"
"\x51\x51\x6a\x01\x51\x51\x55\x51\xff\xd0\x68\xad\xd9\x05\xce\x53"
"\xff\xd6\x6a\xff\xff\x37\xff\xd0\x8b\x57\xfc\x83\xc4\x64\xff\xd6"
"\x52\xff\xd0\x68\xf0\x8a\x04\x5f\x53\xff\xd6\xff\xd0")

emulator = libemu.Emulator()
print emulator.test(shellcode)

    El resultado:

    $ python test.py
    4

  3. Y ahora, también en Ruby:
    4. require 'rlibemu'

# win32_bind -  EXITFUNC=seh LPORT=4444 Size=317 Encoder=None http://metasploit.com
shellcode =
"\xfc\x6a\xeb\x4d\xe8\xf9\xff\xff\xff\x60\x8b\x6c\x24\x24\x8b\x45" +
"\x3c\x8b\x7c\x05\x78\x01\xef\x8b\x4f\x18\x8b\x5f\x20\x01\xeb\x49" +
"\x8b\x34\x8b\x01\xee\x31\xc0\x99\xac\x84\xc0\x74\x07\xc1\xca\x0d" +
"\x01\xc2\xeb\xf4\x3b\x54\x24\x28\x75\xe5\x8b\x5f\x24\x01\xeb\x66" +
"\x8b\x0c\x4b\x8b\x5f\x1c\x01\xeb\x03\x2c\x8b\x89\x6c\x24\x1c\x61" +
"\xc3\x31\xdb\x64\x8b\x43\x30\x8b\x40\x0c\x8b\x70\x1c\xad\x8b\x40" +
"\x08\x5e\x68\x8e\x4e\x0e\xec\x50\xff\xd6\x66\x53\x66\x68\x33\x32" +
"\x68\x77\x73\x32\x5f\x54\xff\xd0\x68\xcb\xed\xfc\x3b\x50\xff\xd6" +
"\x5f\x89\xe5\x66\x81\xed\x08\x02\x55\x6a\x02\xff\xd0\x68\xd9\x09" +
"\xf5\xad\x57\xff\xd6\x53\x53\x53\x53\x53\x43\x53\x43\x53\xff\xd0" +
"\x66\x68\x11\x5c\x66\x53\x89\xe1\x95\x68\xa4\x1a\x70\xc7\x57\xff" +
"\xd6\x6a\x10\x51\x55\xff\xd0\x68\xa4\xad\x2e\xe9\x57\xff\xd6\x53" +
"\x55\xff\xd0\x68\xe5\x49\x86\x49\x57\xff\xd6\x50\x54\x54\x55\xff" +
"\xd0\x93\x68\xe7\x79\xc6\x79\x57\xff\xd6\x55\xff\xd0\x66\x6a\x64" +
"\x66\x68\x63\x6d\x89\xe5\x6a\x50\x59\x29\xcc\x89\xe7\x6a\x44\x89" +
"\xe2\x31\xc0\xf3\xaa\xfe\x42\x2d\xfe\x42\x2c\x93\x8d\x7a\x38\xab" +
"\xab\xab\x68\x72\xfe\xb3\x16\xff\x75\x44\xff\xd6\x5b\x57\x52\x51" +
"\x51\x51\x6a\x01\x51\x51\x55\x51\xff\xd0\x68\xad\xd9\x05\xce\x53" +
"\xff\xd6\x6a\xff\xff\x37\xff\xd0\x8b\x57\xfc\x83\xc4\x64\xff\xd6" +
"\x52\xff\xd0\x68\xf0\x8a\x04\x5f\x53\xff\xd6\xff\xd0"

emulator = Libemu::Emulator.new
p emulator.test(shellcode)

    Su resultado:

    $ ruby test.rb
    4

La salida del test, tal y como menciona la documentación de libemu, es:

  • El offset en el que se ha detectado la shellcode (si el test ha sido positivo)
  • -1 si el test ha sido negativo

Si tenemos algo de tiempo, intentaremos hacer una extensión más completa para libemu, ya que con esta primera versión no es posible aprovechar, desde ruby, toda la funcionalidad de la librería 🙂

Sea como sea, esta primera versión se encuentra disponible en https://github.com/testpurposes/ruby-libemu. Para instalar la extensión se pueden seguir los siguientes pasos:

$ rake gem
(in /ruby-libemu)
mkdir -p pkg
WARNING: no rubyforge_project specified
Successfully built RubyGem
Name: ruby-libemu
Version: 0.0.1
File: ruby-libemu-0.0.1.gem
mv ruby-libemu-0.0.1.gem pkg/ruby-libemu-0.0.1.gem
$ gem install pkg/ruby-libemu-0.0.1.gem
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed ruby-libemu-0.0.1
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for ruby-libemu-0.0.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for ruby-libemu-0.0.1...

25 enero, 2011 | Categorías: code | Tags: , | Deja un comentario